Department of Wildlife Health & Disease Management

Established in Yr. 2001 the Department of Wildlife Health & Management conducts disease surveillance, disease treatment, health monitoring, research and training. The institute is based in  Jabalpur in Madhya Pradesh, India. It is active in disease diagnosis and forensic relating  to wildlife. The faculty is not limited to this and plays active part in providing support to anti poaching authorities. It is helpful in terms of conducting post-mortem, collecting and presenting evidence in courts. A large number of poachers have been convicted thanks to the support provided by the Hon. Dean Dr. A.B. Shrivastava and his team.


On spot treatment of injured wild animals, birds and reptiles is forte of this center. It has developed into a full fledged center for wildlife forensic and health management in year 2010. The department provides veterinary support to all protected areas of Central India. Dr.Shrivastava and his team offers yeoman service to this important aspect of nature conservation. They have been active as silent crusaders providing succor to helpless wildlife since number of years.      

The dept. is a part of Veterinary University Jabalpur an institution conducting training on comprehensive veterinary sciences. The team has performed selflessly since number of years and gained experience while treating injured and sick animals like tigers, spotted deer, hyena, leopards, cobra, mugger, to name a few. Health care, first aid and life saving treatments is provided to birds as well. The efforts have saved life of many endangered species and provided succor to many.

The center's contribution: Research Diagnostic - Scientific Reports

FPL in big cats

Rabies in Sloth Bear

TB in Spotted Deer

TB in Hanuman Langur - Sariska Tiger Reserve

TB in Sloth Bear

Lymphoid leucosis - Peafowl

Haemangioma - Tiger

Ascending Duodenal Invagination - Leopard. 

Sarcocystois - Hard Ground Barasingha

Gasthrothylax - Swamp Deer

Paragonimus infection - Bengal Tiger

Pasteurellosis infection - Tigers - Elephant

Colibacillosis - Wild Dogs

The department co-ordinates in rescue and translocation operations in tiger reserves and wildlife sanctuaries.  Its capability in immobilization technique is a great asset that provides vital support to the protected areas and reserved forests in MP. Besides provides relief from wild animals that have ventured closed to human settlements and villages.   

The Department of Wildlife Health & Management also provides training to field staff of forest department, students and students from foreign countries. With limited funding and infrastructure the institute has created a new paradigm in wildlife conservation.  All help and encouragement is welcome.

Wild Clicks

Tiger Waali - Vidisha Desai

Discover photos taken by my nieces and nephews on recent tiger tour of Kanha National Park in MP.. Images by Vidisha Desai, Parag Desai in company with Ruchi & Andy.....   This is a superb example of what amateur photographers can come up with. The images not only comply with essence of photography but are a fine example of what enthusiasm and spontaneity can fetch.

The camera is simple and so is the approach. Wild Safari creates awareness about nature and the endangered animals like the tiger. The young brigade learned about nature and to make effort to preserve and nurture it throughout the course of humanity.

SAVE THE TIGER    

Territory Markings - Clawed on Soft Bark

Bison in Grasslands

Magnificent Kanha

Kanha Sunset

Tiger Brigade

More Kanha Photographs

Who's Pride is it? Anyway

The delay and hesitation in offering a lion pride for Kuno Palpur in MP is indeed saddening. The endangered Asiatic Lion of Gir National Park in Gujarat is the only stock left in the wild. It is imperative that the lions find a second home in order to escape inbreeding and epidemic. This will perhaps reduce man animal conflict  in place where species habitat is limited. Gir has been an excellent example of conservation but it is isolated with human population and live stock in the periphery.

The Lions are Gujarat's pride as well as National pride. Trans locating  few animals to new home will increase the pride of the State further and not diminish. A magnanimous approach is the order of the day. Gujarat administration has shown admirable flair for economic development. Thanks to positive and far reaching steps.  The people of Gujarat are very compassionate towards other life forms.  I am sure that rationality will prevail. 

We as humans have always had a chauvinistic attitude towards nature. The good of the species out weighs our parochial attitude, as it's right to live. We do not own the Earth, we share it with other life forms and it is important that we leave space for them.       

Gujarat state will certainly benefit from tigers trans located to its wild habitat. Since tigers once habituated the state's wilderness, The tiger will find a new sanctuary as they are severely endangered. The lion has right to live and that to with dignity. If we take positive steps in the species survival we will be making an effort to strengthen its existence - a wonderful creation of Almighty.  

Maneaters at Corbett

On my recent birding tours I was saddened to find out that a women had been killed by a tiger or tigress. This happened on the way to Dhikala gate near a village. Though the animal could not be located another killing took place some distance away. One of the incident took place in broad daylight as I heard.

Every year one or two man eating incidence takes place. While most of the cases may be accidental, one or two are premeditated attacks. This does not augur good for the animal. But in most of the tiger reserves in the country the number of people in the buffer zone is very high. The intrusion is on daily basis in the buffer that was supposed to distance human settlements from prime areas. But in recent times there is a murky line that separates the human settlements with habitat.

With conservation efforts the wildlife has saturated buffer zones. Especially in parks like Corbett in Uttaranchal, Kanha, Pench and Bandhavgarh. The status of buffer zones are practically as same as the core. New guidelines are called for for mapping our valuable assets. While people have a large land mass to settle, wildlife is surviving in a limited area that too with regular human intrusions. 

Corbett is an exciting birding destination and supports lots of wildlife wild elephants and tigers. More than hundred tigers find home in the preserve. Efficient management is key to conservation success. It is a well managed park as rising population of tigers indicate. But tourism should be managed the way it is being done at Central Indian Tiger Reserves.

All things wild & beautiful

It does not take an acclaimed photographer to capture good wild images. Any one with zeal can deliver amazing pics of our wilderness, animals and birds.

My friend Sandeep is an avid traveler and is well equipped with accessories including a good camera. Here are some of the images he gifted for my blog. These are some of the images taken from his recent visit to Corbett Tiger Reserve in North India.

Death of a tiger? News

Ever since the down slide of the tiger in India has become apparent the casus belli has created deep consternation. First it was the Project Tiger which elated then depressed. Then NTCA and what not. The down slide continues till today.

We keep on reading about death of a tiger or tigress here and there. The same goes for the leopard albeit more extensive. The situation is so precarious that a loss of one tiger in present circumstances is equivalent to hundred. The poaching of tigers in Panna and Sariska is a frightening spectacle since it happened right under the eye of the administration and that too in the core zones. How many poachers have been caught and how many of negligent staff punished. I would love to know!

Question: Who was responsible?
 
The poachers of course &......(sic)?

Question: Tourism (sic)?

Question: Migration?  

Where to? No forest left. 

Question: Disturbance by tourists?

Tigers have bred well in popular tiger reserves despite tourism. Nobody knows what happens in reserves not visited.

Question: Why it happened?

Since 1971 we are still learning and finding.....How to save the tiger?   The down slide continues.

Tiger deaths elsewhere ---- sans territorial fights.... Thank God! They are dying only because of  latter now He! He!   

The down slide continues. Power circle really is more concerned of its vote bank than the tiger? People first...Who owns the Earth?  

Once I had an argument with an important official in conservation regarding search and  punishment of all poachers big and small.

"Put into action law and order!" I suggested.

He just brushed my question aside as absurd. "What are we doing? He said.

But believe me I once mentioned this to FD of a park. He told me bluntly, "The area is so big what can I do?"

We did not discuss "Power Protection" "Negligence" "Political Apathy" "Corruption" "Punishment Posting".

Yes we did discuss "Dilapidated Protection Machinery" "Public Apathy" "Vermin Syndrome" "Pest Syndrome" "Fear of Animals".....  I told him how ineffective beat/forest guards are whence confronting local goons and gangs.

That time there did not appear to be any  regular night patrolling and intelligence collection. Is there now?"

"More concerted efforts sir?" I said.

He just looked at me silently.        

Our last hopes rely on parks like Kanha which have hitherto shown excellence in management. 

The fact is that most of the tiger deaths in India are due to poaching, thanks to our neighbor's eating & treating habits. Man animal conflict is a serious problem. Habitat Loss! Human apathy is one more. Encroaching construction is turning out to be a death knell, a complete shrinkage of natural ecosystem - habitat. Political apathy and management crisis at places. (Read lethargy & negligence) - Death due to negligence - electrocution of tiger in Pench a short distance from Karmajhiri RH.     

How to save the tiger?

Jago re India Jago re!

Micheal Vickers - Save Tiger - Jhurjhurra Tigress

He is an acclaimed wildlife photographer and  a conservationist by heart. His works have been published by reputed organizations like BBC, The Born Free Foundation, Care for the Wild International, The David Shepherd Wildlife Foundation and EIA.

Micheal is a lens man with a difference, he clicks for tiger conservation in India. Recently he has passionately appealed to conservationists, tiger lovers to keep pushing for justice for Jhurjhurra tigress and her cubs.

Please find details here:   http://www.tigersintheforest.co.uk/savethetiger.html

It is heartening to note that in our fight to save the tiger in India we are not alone. People like Micheal from all over the World are tackling this incorrigible system alongside to save the tiger from what appears to be a certain extinction.  

I have met many people from other countries besides many of us who are in for tiger conservation and contribute in whatever manner they can. Some name that are familiar to me are Face Book friends.

Amy Goldstein Cohen: Volunteers at local zoo and is up against those who confine tigers in private custody not up to order. She desires to go full steam ahead as to whatever she can do for tigers in India. She wishes to unite all nature lovers, conservationists active in tiger conservation.   

Phil Davis: Runs a charity called Tiger Awareness. He is active in tiger conservation and does a lot good for humanity  around tiger reserves. His website: http://www.tigerawareness.co.uk

Jen Dowdy: is fond of animals and is active campaigner for tiger conservation in online platforms. Passionate about wildlife and tigers she strives hard to save species from extinction. 

There are many other people who do not find mention in this short write up here. They are truly global activist who love and care for all life forms on Earth - God's creation.

Leopard in India:What About it!

Big Cats Too Near

It is a sad story, all the euphoria created by the Project Tiger is gone. Tiger lovers, conservationist, NGOs are having a nightmarish premonition - a mini doomsday. The leopard in India is facing the same fate, perhaps worst. All the attention is centered around the tiger and nothing wrong about it. But it is high time same status is provided to the leopard in India. 

When the Nation talks about Cheetah relocation it only suggests that our conservation is tourism oriented and perhaps leaning on jingoistic pride. There is nothing wrong with well managed tiger tourism since its benefits  are impressive. And there is nothing wrong with possessive approach towards our wild heritage ...but is this enough?   

We who boast so much of belonging to an oldest civilization on Earth. Especially with all shorts of conservation ethos ingrained in the Vedas and Hindu scriptures. Yet we are struggling to save one of the most ecologically important animal on Earth. 

In spite of all the efforts - lot many constructive - we are not succeeding in preserving tiger footsteps from vanishing. Why so? Perhaps if we delve deeper into conserving the leopard lot  more truth will surface. In fact active leopard conservation will open more innovative methods to save the tiger.

The leopard is known to exhibit immense survival extinct, but in spite, it is loosing ground fast in India. The major conflict is with the our society that is concerned about itself and presumes ownership of the Earth as a human prerogative.           

The man animal conflict as regards to the leopard is more intense than with the tiger. By natural instinct the animal avoids conflict with tigers and hence many are forced to survive in outer areas of our forests with dense human population. 

Lets be sure human settlements near forest areas live  with scant regard or even in abject fear of wild animals... more so due to myth, unseen fear and sometimes actual conflict and sufferings. That we have encroached in their land (other life forms) has become a hearsay. The perspective remains the same as it was whence the animals were declared vermin and shot ruthlessly by butchers of the past.     

I have interacted with many villagers around the periphery of tiger habitats,  most of them have no love for the tigers or leopards - expect those benefiting directly from their existence. We have to understand that they are in the same mold as lot many of us are...a snake to be conserved is fine ....as long as it is not in our garden or house. The tigers and leopards are very much in the garden of locals around the periphery of the reserves.  The threat perception exists, walk down to a village where cattle lifter is present or human tragedy has occurred and you will soon find out. Locals can act as big deterrent to poachers.

Only people benefiting from tiger's existence have interest in its survival for the rest it is their own survival that matters and nothing else. (And oops! Tiger lovers, conservationists, NGO and all like minded people are sincerely making efforts to save the species in India).

Would the direct beneficiaries have the same feel for the leopard? Not  so much since the animal is less publicized and less sought after as a  visual delight. Let us be sure people rarely understand ecosystem and food chain concept...it is sentiments that are fueling their conservation ethos. And why not? A large number of people are acting as pressure groups today than earlier. This is thanks to tiger tourism. that imparts  benefits to unemployed  - as forest guides, resort workers, Jeep owners, accommodation providers, retailers and many others. An example of value added conservation for sure.  (Ask a guide at Taj and you will know how much he values the monument.)

In recent news more than hundred fifty leopards have been poached or killed in India. 

The news article will assure you that the leopard is a neglected cousin. Perhaps if we strive hard to conserve this extremely beleaguered animal in India it may throw open new insights in big cat conservation as whole. 

In the present circumstances tiger crisis reeks of multifarious angle - human society, democratic urgency, poaching, Chinese medicine (sic), inherent corruption, conflict and self centered priorities. Our attitude is shameless as perceiving the the Earth as our prerogative... take a peek in every day life opinions, it  will confirm this.  

Where does the buck stop! Will we frame rules that says this is our and this is theirs and this is for sharing. Properly defined extensive inviolate areas are key to wildlife conservation in India. Protected areas mind you cover barely two or three percent of 32 lakh sq km that is India.

Why properly defined? Anyone who has been to Kanha in earlier times knows that some areas were habitats of Indian wolf, hyena and other open country animals. The protection status was created totally bereft of the presence of these animals - areas were humans have moved in now. The animals are scarce now by all means.

Wildlife tourism in India

India is a growing economy and has received lot of accolades for its performance in recent times. Though the boom is more publicized in IT sector the country is progressing in many sectors. Tourism is one such aspect that the country wishes to grow rapidly since comparatively it lags behind many destinations. 

India has lot to offer in tourism thanks to its diversity amazing terrain and amazing society. The Nation changes  every short distance offering a new experience with each step ahead. From picturesque settings to demographic  discoveries of esoteric rites and rituals of changing set of people. Everywhere Incredible India excites with its ever changing facet and mystic.      

Wildlife of India has always attracted naturalists, photographers and in recent times tourists interested in wildlife watching. The tiger safaris are most sought of nowadays much better from hunting safaris in olden times. But the country has much more to offer than just tiger sightings there many more keystone species. 

Apart from tigers, India is home to Asiatic lion, Indian one horned rhino, Indian elephant, Wild ass, Leopard, Bison and many endemic rare species of mammals and reptiles. Birding in India is a growing recreation. The Nationa is home to more than thirteen percent of avian species in the World. Among the reptiles the Gharial and Gengetic dolphin, muggers and slat water crocodile are interesting  animals. The cobra is a legend but the land is home to many interesting species of snakes and turtles. The forests and garden have rich assemblage of butterflies and insects as well. 

All these are hot potatoes for wild life lovers and naturalists not forgetting the ever persistent nature photographers. In India wildlife tours offer much more as the tour operators include historical monuments in the packages. The Taj at Agra and ancient temples of Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh are the finest destinations. For a discerning traveler, travel in the country is a study of life itself - diverse yet co-existing. 

Blogging for whole life is not enough to open the Pandora's box the country is. One needs to set foot  here to discover the paradise. The tourism infrastructure is rapidly come on par with International standards  to facilitate the tourists. All type of accommodation and means of transportation are available with ease. The internet facilitates travel in the country - Go online and see for yourself.                    

Cheetah Relocation India

Reintroduction

As per the recent news in The Hindu a plan to reintroduce the Cheetah in India has been cleared by the ministry (MOEF) headed by Hon. Minister. Jairam Ramesh.  This project if really mooted would bring about a paradigm shift in our conservation methodology. Not that things have yet to set in this direction. The debacle at Panna and Sariska have set the ball rolling in the name game of relocation and reintroduction.   

History & Speculation

Historical records in India point out Cheetah to be a popular hunting animal in Mughal Courts. This has led to speculation that Cheetah was imported into India. The locals in India are not able to differentiate between  the leopard and Cheetah easily a reason for further confusion in identification.  On the other hand eminent naturalist writers as Prater visualize it  as moving into India from Ethiopian zoogeographical region as the Asiatic Lion and perhaps the Leopard did way back in time. More proper  terminology would be "spread to".   

Nevertheless Cheetah did inhabit India, and its preferred habitat was low rugged hills and extensive grasslands. The last Cheetah was shot in Chattisgrah at Korwai. Hunting records of Cheetah being shot at Chhindwara and Korwai is bewildering since there are no extensive grasslands there. The area is densely forested and would have been much more heavily forested whence the big cat was hunted. This  would suggest that Indian animal a sub species was highly adaptable and could survive in thickets or small grassland habitats and plains adjoining dense forest canopies.   

This gives rise to question that animal that hunts for survival in extensive grasslands would it be able to survive in forest habitats? Perhaps Kuno appears to be more suitable, but I am sure field biologists must have studied the whole project for viability.  

The ideal prey base for Indian Cheetah would have been deer species of plains like Chinkara,  Barking deer, Black Buck and to lesser extent associates - Chital, Nilgai. So where ever was black buck found, Indian Cheetah was present. as well. Now this is true of Noradehi and other two habitats I am sure. There is a large population of black buck in adjoining open areas and within at Nauradehi WLS. 

Reintroducing Cheetah in India seems to be driven more by sentiments then by practical reality  though I do not hesitate in praising Hon.Minister for his enthusiasm. But with so much stress on endangered tigers would it have been better to divert crucial resource towards tiger conservation? Cheetah could have been introduced after tiger's survival in India had been assured.     

Risk

Introduction of exotic species has proved disaster for many endemic species all over the World. Would this sub species, foreign to Indian ecosystem endanger an already surviving animal in that habitat? Will we be then experiencing a merry go round never ending trap?  For example Chinkara  or Indian gazelle is endangered in Central India and as most of the animals in reserved forests have been hunted down with ease. What will happen to these animals which in small population bracket may not be able to act as effective prey base.  In simple terms they could be hunted to extinction by our foreign friend. 

Susceptibility to disease can put these animals to risk and in turn they could turn out to be carriers of disease which the resident animals may not have immunity  for. 

How will this new sub species fare against tiger and leopards - the latter they could meet in fringes? Ho much time it would take for the reintroduced animal to get acclimatized with the habitat and settle down with competitors?

Man animal conflict is a serious issue at our wildlife places. This will increase further with habitats near to human habitation as in the case of leopard. A greater number of leopards are being killed in India then recorded.    

Conservation record in the state of MP has proven to be dismal, Panna is an example. Would the management be able to cope up with such a complex situation since Cheetah are more habitat specific and  fragile animals and not as adaptable as the leopard. 

Benefits

The benefits are overpowering, for in zealous stage Nauradehi may see relocation of large number of villages (over 60) from its confines. This should have happened much earlier.

Reintroduction will enable increase in conservation efforts at selected destinations. It would also reduce wild tiger safari tourism load in popular tiger reserves as Kanha and Bandhavgarh. These advantages are apparent but then number of questions come a fore.  
 

Tourism will get boost and the local jobs. Rise of land prices will benefit in some way as well, as has happened in Kanha, Bandhavgarh and Pench. We could take away a small cake of Cheetah safari from Africa?

Most of the villages in Nauradehi WLS are terribly cut off in deep confines, bringing them to main stream with proper subsistence plain would be good. The habitat in turn will benefit with greater inviolate areas for wild species. Tiger's may make a  comeback here since Nauradehi once had large number of tigers. There are vagrant tigers in the WLS as has been reported.

We could boast of India as home of all big cats until......